前列腺癌筛查

推荐最近最火的赌博软件 offers 前列腺癌 screenings. For more information or to schedule an appoint男人t, please call 315 464-hope (4673) to speak with an 北州癌症中心 re现在ative.

信息

前列腺癌 is one of the most common 癌症s in the world. The 前列腺癌 gland sits below the bladder 只存在于男性中. Most 男人 with 前列腺癌 are over 65 years of age, but it 会发生在年轻人身上吗.

In its early stages, 前列腺癌 has no symptoms. 它经常是 a slow growing 癌症 that may take years to develop. 当癌细胞变大或者扩散，可能会引起问题. 这可能包括阳痿, urinary problems, and pain in the back, hip, or thighs. To help detect 癌症 in its early stages, a doctor may 建议一个前列腺癌特异性抗原试验 (PSA)和直肠指检(DRE).

PSA测试

The United States Preventive 服务 Task Force (USPSTF) recom男人ds that 男人 55 to 69 years of age talk to their doctors to make a shared decision about whether to have a PSA test. They should discuss the risks and benefits of the test along with the person's family history, race and ethnicity, other health 问题、价值观和健康需求. The USPSTF does not recom男人d PSA testing for 男人 70岁以上.

PSA是由前列腺产生的. PSA测试可以测量血液的水平你血液中的抗原. It is done with a sample of blood, which can be taken at your doctor’s office during a routine 物理考试. 对于健康的男性来说，这是正常的 have some PSA in their blood, but levels sometimes increase when 前列腺癌 is 现在. There are also other reasons levels may increase, such as 前列腺炎 or 良性前列腺肥大 (BPH). BPH is a benign (non-癌症ous) 前列腺癌 enlarge男人t. 常见于老年人男人. If your PSA increases, your doctor may order more tests.

PSA may also be checked in people who have already been diagnosed with 癌症 to monitor 癌症 or find out whether 治疗s are helping.

要点

Both benign and 癌症ous health problems can cause elevated PSA levels.
The blood test can only measure the levels, not the cause. 需要更多的测试要做的就是找出原因.
前列腺癌 does not always raise PSA levels. 显示正常水平的测试 does not mean that a person does not have 癌症. 前列腺癌的常见症状 should not be ignored by people who have had a normal PSA test. 这可能会推迟治疗.

直肠指诊

The digital rectal exam (DRE) may be done during a routine 物理考试. The 前列腺癌 gland lies next to the rectal wall. 通常情况下，它大约是胡桃大小的. The doctor will use a gloved finger to feel the 前列腺癌 through 直肠. This exam is done to find lumps or changes to the 前列腺癌 gland.

要点

The DRE may not be able to find out if the lump is 癌症ous or not. 阳性测试会导致更多的测试吗.
Some lumps may not be found through this exam. 非常早期的癌症很难用DRE检测. A clear test (where the doctor does not detect any lumps) may also encourage 男人 to ignore symptoms common to 前列腺癌. 这可能会推迟治疗.

下一个步骤

观察等待

Most 前列腺癌s are slow growing. 有些人太慢了男人 with 前列腺癌 often die from other causes without knowing they had it. A person's age, 癌症 risk factors, DRE, and PSA results will all play a role in 治疗决策. One option is to simply wait and monitor changes in the 癌症. The PSA levels can be used to track any changes.

Some 男人 may not be comfortable with having untreated 癌症. However, 癌症治疗s have risks of their own. 它们可能导致阳痿或尿漏的毛病.

决策

The benefit of a screening test is measured through its 拯救生命的能力. While 前列腺癌 screening remains a debatable issue, some studies found that PSA screening did slightly reduce the death rate from 前列腺癌. However, many other studies have not shown this link. 同时,研究 has failed so far to show a link between 前列腺癌 screening and lower overall 男性死亡率.

If you are 55 years of age or older, PSA and DRE tests may be 提供给你. If you are at high risk for 前列腺癌, screening can start even 早些时候. Talk to your doctor about the test options. 询问手术的好处和风险为你做前列腺检查. Family history, race and ethnicity, other health 问题、价值观和健康需求 will all play a role in your screening plan.

参考文献

前列腺癌能早期发现吗? 美国癌症协会网站. 可以在: http://www.癌症.org/癌症/前列腺癌-癌症/detection-diagnosis-staging/detection.html.
前列腺癌. EBSCO DynaMed网站. 可以在: http://www.力学.com/condition/前列腺癌-癌症.
前列腺癌筛查. EBSCO DynaMed网站. 可用在:http://www.力学.com/prevention/前列腺癌-癌症-screening.
前列腺癌筛查(PDQ). 国家癌症研究所网站. http://www.癌症.gov/types/前列腺癌/hp/前列腺癌-screening-pdq.